The hydraulic tank is a key component of any hydraulic system. It ensures the stable operation of the hydraulic unit, hydraulic equipment, hydraulic cylinders, and the entire system. Despite its simple purpose, the tank plays a critical role: it affects fluid cooling, pressure, operational stability, and the longevity of the entire hydraulic system.
In this article we will examine in detail, What is a hydraulic tank, what functions does it perform, what types are there, and how to choose the right tank for a hydraulic system.
⭐ What is a hydraulic tank?
Hydraulic tank — is a sealed metal container designed to store working fluid (hydraulic oil) and ensure stable operation of the hydraulic system.
It can be part of:
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hydroelectric power stations,
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mobile technology,
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lifting platform,
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special equipment,
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industrial installation.
🎯 The main purpose of a hydraulic tank
The hydraulic tank performs several functions. It's more than just a reservoir—it's a component that ensures the proper operation of the entire hydraulic system.
1. Storing the working volume of oil
The tank contains the main volume of hydraulic fluid required for the operation of pumps, hydraulic cylinders and distributors.
2. Compensation for volume changes
When the liquid is heated, its volume increases - the tank compensates for the expansion, preventing the pressure from increasing.
3. Oil cooling
The large tank capacity allows the oil to:
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cool down naturally,
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give off heat to the walls,
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work without overheating.
4. Separation of air from liquid
There are always air bubbles in the liquid.
In the tank they rise up and exit through the air vent.
5. Removing dirt
During circulation, heavy particles settle to the bottom. This reduces wear on pumps and hydraulic equipment.
6. Maintaining stable pressure
The tank acts as a compensation tank, reducing pressure surges in the system.
7. Cavitation protection
Correct placement of holes prevents air from entering the pump, prolonging its service life.
🔧 Hydraulic tank design
A typical hydraulic tank includes:
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Filler neck
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Oil level sight glass
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Filter
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Cover with air duct (breather)
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Feed and return bends
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Partitions (to absorb waves and separate impurities)
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Oil drain tap
Sometimes the following are additionally installed:
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magnetic chip catchers,
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temperature sensors,
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oil cooling radiators,
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pressure sensors,
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fine filters.
🛠 Materials for manufacturing hydraulic tanks
The most common materials:
| Material | Peculiarities | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Ordinary steel | Durable, inexpensive, reliable | Hydroelectric power stations, industrial equipment |
| Stainless steel | Corrosion resistance, durability. | Aggressive environments, chemistry, food production |
| Aluminum | Lightweight, good cooling | Mobile equipment, trucks, auto hydraulics |
Company Art-Metal manufactures tanks from steel, stainless steel and aluminum according to individual drawings.
🔩 Types of hydraulic tanks
1. Open tanks
They have atmospheric pressure and are used in simple installations.
2. Closed tanks
Used in systems with high loads and complex hydraulics.
3. Tank with filtration module
Built-in filtration system ensures oil purity.
4. Coolant tank
Used for high power pumps and 24/7 loads.
🌍 Where are hydraulic tanks used?
Hydraulic tanks are used in all hydraulic systems, including:
🚜 Special equipment
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tractors
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excavators
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grabs
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truck cranes
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loaders
🏭 Industry
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hydraulic presses
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machine tools
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industrial automation
🚛 Commercial transport
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dump trucks
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tow trucks
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truck-mounted cranes
🏗 Construction equipment
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lifts
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hydraulic tool
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jacks
🛢 Oil and gas industry
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pumping stations
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drilling equipment
📏 How to choose a hydraulic tank
When choosing, it is important to consider:
1. Tank volume
Standard rule:
Tank volume = 2–5 system volumes
2. Material of manufacture
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aluminum - for mobile equipment;
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steel - for hydroelectric power stations;
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stainless steel - for chemically active environments.
3. The presence of filtration
Under high load conditions, a fine filter is essential.
4. Dimensions and location
Depends on the installation location.
5. Cooling type
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natural
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forced (radiator)
🏭 Custom hydraulic tank manufacturing
Company Art-Metal produces hydraulic tanks:
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any shape and volume;
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made of steel, stainless steel, aluminum;
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with installation of filters, sensors, breathers;
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with painting and seam finishing;
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with documentation and VAT.
We create tanks for:
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special equipment,
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mini-gas station,
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hydroelectric power stations,
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industrial equipment.
✅ Conclusion
The hydraulic tank is a vital component of the hydraulic system, ensuring pressure stability, cooling, and storage of hydraulic oil. The reliability of the entire hydraulic system depends on the correct selection and quality of manufacture.
Company Art-Metal We manufacture custom hydraulic tanks, taking into account equipment specifications, volume requirements, material, cooling type, and additional features.
